The Cylinder Liner is a detachable cylindrical component installed in the Engine Block that provides the surface on which the piston reciprocates and performs compression. When a cylinder liner wears out, it may be readily changed, without requiring the expensive engine block to be replaced.
Additionally, owing to the crucial movement of the Pistons during engine operation, Cylinder Liners must be wear- and corrosion-resistant. Read on to know about the types of cylinder liner produced by leading cylinder liner manufacturers in India and the differences between them.
There are two kinds of cylinder liners or sleeves:
1. Dry Liners, also called Reborer Sleeves
2. Wet liners
- Dry Type Cylinder Liner:
The most frequently used type of cylinder liner is the dry type. Because it operates at high pressures and temperatures, it needs to be adequately strong while providing a scuff-resistant surface for the piston rings. Dry Liners are primarily composed of Cast Iron cast using a centrifugal casting process to achieve optimum microstructure and material properties. They look like simple tubes of cast iron, or without a collar and “firelip”. They are installed inside the engine block and do not come into direct contact with the coolant, hence “DRY”.
- Wet Type Cylinder Liner
Wet-type cylinder liners are manufactured in the same manner as dry-type cylinder liners, the main difference being that the engine block cavity is open in the area of their installation, to let the coolant directly touch the liner and make it “WET”. The barrel area, or the area that comes in contact with the coolant, maybe rough machined to generate micro-fins that dissipate heat more efficiently.
A static seal must be installed at both the combustion and crankshaft ends of the cylinders to prevent coolant from leaking into the oil pan sump or combustion region. Generally, the combustion end seal of a liner is either a gasket underneath a flange or a machined fit.
The Cylinder Liner's wall must be sufficiently sturdy enough to sustain the combustion pressure and withstand constant erosion due to the cavitation effect in the coolant.
Cylinder liner manufacturers in India produce both dry and wet liners with superior material properties by investing in the latest technologies like centrifugal casting, induction melting, CNC machining, and precise surface finishing processes.
Differences Between Dry & Wet Cylinder Liners
- A wet liner is simple to repair; however, a dry liner needs specialized equipment due to its close fit in the cylinder block.
- A wet liner is adequately cooled because it directly touches the coolant directly, but a dry liner does not. As a result, a wet liner can withstand higher engine temperatures.
- A wet liner requires leak-proof connections to prevent coolant from leaking into the crankcase, but a dry liner does not.
- A wet liner does not need a precise surface finish on its outer surface, but a dry liner does.
- A wet liner is usually purchased in a finished condition ready to be installed in the engine blocks, but the bore of a dry liner must usually be finish-machined after assembly into the block.
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